丽江与纳木错天光背景亮度在一天中的不同变化过程
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1. 西华师范大学物理与天文学院 南充 634702;2. 西南交通大学物理科学与技术学院 成都 611756;3. 中国科学院云南天文台 昆明 650011

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国家自然科学基金项目(12373063、11533009)资助


The Variations in the Sky Brightness of Lijiang and Namco throughout the Day
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1. School of Physics and Astronomy, China West Normal University, Nanchong 634702;2. School of Physics Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756;3. Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650011;

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    摘要:

    天光背景是评价一个日冕观测站是否优秀的重要参数, 这直接决定日冕仪能否实现对日冕活动的长期监测. 日晕光度计(Sky Brightness Moniter, SBM)是一款精确测量白日天光背景、 大气积分水汽含量、大气消光指数等重要大气参数的精密仪器, 它也是日冕仪选址的国际通用仪器、中国西部太阳选址的重要设备. 在利用纳木错观测点和丽江观测站累计的数据统计分析之前, 先对两组代表性数据进行了深入分析, 希望基于代表性数据的时间轮廓来初步研究和掌握址点的天光背景特性. 首先通过实际气候特点和归算天光背景两方面, 逐步解释天光背景在一天中的不同变化过程; 其次建立一种有效的计算方法来衡量揭示一个台址的日晕亮度演化特性. 两个址点的结果表明: (1)海拔3200 m的丽江站与海拔4700 m的纳木错观测点天光背景(530 nm)均较好, 最小值均能达到10×10-6量级, 可以保障日冕常规观测; (2)纳木错观测点和丽江观测站天空背景亮度随时间演化的不同. 丽江观测站不适合全天观测, 上午观测条件远优于下午观测条件. 而纳木错观测点的可观测时间长(从9:00至16:00), 配合其他台站的观测设备可以显著提高空间天气的地面监测效率. 结果分析不仅为后续统计纳木错的天光背景提供分析样例, 同时也展示了纳木错天光背景的预期特征.

    Abstract:

    The sky brightness is an important parameter to evaluate the excellence of a coronal observatory, which directly determines whether the coronagraph can measure and monitor the coronal activity for a long time. The Sky Brightness Moniter (SBM) is a precision instrument for accurately measuring important atmospheric parameters such as the sky brightness, water vapor content, and atmospheric extinction. It is also an universal instrument for coronagraph site selection and an important equipment for solar site selection in western China. Before conducting statistical analysis on the accumulated data from Namco and Lijiang, this paper first performs an in-depth analysis using representative data from Namco and Lijiang. The aim is to preliminarily study and understand the characteristics of the sky brightness at the site based on the profiles of the representative data. Firstly, by considering the actual climatic characteristics and the normalized sky brightness, the paper gradually explains the different variations of the sky brightness throughout the day. Secondly, we establish an effective calculation method to measure and reveal the evolution characteristics of the sky brightness. The results show: (1) the sky brightness (green line, 530 nm) at the Lijiang station with an altitude of 3200 meters and the Namco site with an altitude of 4700 meters are both relatively good. The minimum values can reach the order of 10×10-6,ensuring the feasibility of regular corona observations; (2) the sky brightness at the Namco site and the Lijiang station evolves differently over time. The Lijiang station is not suitable for all-day observations,with morning conditions being far superior to those in the afternoon. In contrast, the Namco site has a longer observation time (from 9:00 AM to 4:00 PM), and its cooperation with the observation equipment of other stations can significantly improve the efficiency of space weather ground monitoring. The analysis results not only provides a sample analysis for subsequent statistics on the sky brightness at Namco but also demonstrates the expected characteristics of the sky brightness at Namco.

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刘强,刘煜,宋腾飞,任安炳,赵明宇,张雪飞,李小波,祝凤荣,沙飞扬,OLOKETUYI Jacob Oladeji,王新建,段晓梅,罗启旺.丽江与纳木错天光背景亮度在一天中的不同变化过程[J].天文学报,2025,66(2):22. LIU Qiang, LIU Yu, SONG Teng-fei, REN An-bing, ZHAO Ming-yu, ZHANG Xue-fei, LI Xiao-bo, ZHU Feng-rong, SHA Fei-yang, OLOKETUYI Jacob Oladeji, WANG Xin-jian, DUAN Xiao-mei, LUO Qi-wang. The Variations in the Sky Brightness of Lijiang and Namco throughout the Day[J]. Acta Astronomica Sinica,2025,66(2):22.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-04-07
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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-03-31
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